Adjective Clauses That Describe Times
2020-12-18
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1Imagine you want to talk about the time something happened.
2Perhaps you want to describe the time you did something important, the night something happened or the day something took place.
3In today's Everyday Grammar, we will explore one useful way to describe time: adjective clauses.
4Let's begin with a few important terms and ideas.
5Clauses are groups of words that have a subject and a predicate.
6Clauses can stand alone as sentences, or they can play a part in a larger sentence.
7Consider this statement:
8I love English grammar.
9The subject is I and the predicate is love English grammar.
10Adjective clauses, also called relative clauses, act like adjectives in a sentence.
11In other words, these clauses modify, or give further information about, a noun.
12Consider this example:
13This is the song that I heard last night.
14The adjective clause is that I heard last night.
15It gives more information about the noun song.
16Adjective clauses have many uses.
17They can help describe places, reasons, times and more.
18In some cases, words such as that, who, where or when begin adjective clauses.
19But in other cases, English speakers leave out these words.
20Let's examine how English speakers use adjective clauses to describe times.
21There are two common ways that you should know about: noun of time + ______ [nothing] and noun of time + when.*
22We will look at both of these in greater detail.
23Our first structure is noun of time + ______ [nothing].
24In other words, no special term begins the adjective clause.
25Consider these words by The Monkees.
26On the day we fall in love!
27You and me
28On the day we fall in love.
29You'll see!
30In the example, the noun of time is the word day.
31The adjective clause is we fall in love.
32We is the subject of the clause, and fall in love is the predicate.
33Note that there were no special words such as that or when at the beginning of the adjective clause.
34Let's consider another example.
35Imagine an American family is running late to a holiday dinner.
36When they arrive, they find that all of the sweets have already been eaten.
37They might say,
38They had eaten all of the desserts by the time we arrived! Can you believe that?
39In our example, the noun of time is the word time.
40The adjective clause is the words we arrived.
41Our second structure is noun of time + when.
42The word when, a relative adverb, begins the adjective clause.
43Consider these words from John Anderson:
44There was a time when I was alone I was alright by myself
45In the example, the noun of time is the word time.
46The word when begins the adjective clause.
47I is the subject of that clause, and was alone is the predicate.
48There are not really strict rules about when to use special words to begin adjective clauses.
49Try listening to Americans speak in films or news reports, and keep note of how these speakers use adjective clauses to describe times.
50Then try to use those structures when you practice speaking.
51Let's finish our report with a quiz.
52Listen to these lines from Chris and Morgane Stapleton.
53From the moment you wake me up
54'til you kiss me goodnight
55Everything that you do
56It makes me want more of you.
57Can you tell where the noun of time is? Can you tell where the adjective clause is?
58Write us in the comments section of our website, learningenglish.voanews.com.
59I'm John Russell.
1Imagine you want to talk about the time something happened. 2Perhaps you want to describe the time you did something important, the night something happened or the day something took place. 3In today's Everyday Grammar, we will explore one useful way to describe time: adjective clauses. 4Let's begin with a few important terms and ideas. 5Definitions 6Clauses are groups of words that have a subject and a predicate. Clauses can stand alone as sentences, or they can play a part in a larger sentence. 7Consider this statement: 8I love English grammar. 9The subject is I and the predicate is love English grammar. 10Adjective clauses, also called relative clauses, act like adjectives in a sentence. In other words, these clauses modify, or give further information about, a noun. 11Consider this example: 12This is the song that I heard last night. 13The adjective clause is that I heard last night. It gives more information about the noun song. 14Adjective clauses have many uses. They can help describe places, reasons, times and more. 15In some cases, words such as that, who, where or when begin adjective clauses. But in other cases, English speakers leave out these words. 16Let's examine how English speakers use adjective clauses to describe times. 17There are two common ways that you should know about: noun of time + ______ [nothing] and noun of time + when.* 18We will look at both of these in greater detail. 19#1 Noun of time + _____________ 20Our first structure is noun of time + ______ [nothing]. In other words, no special term begins the adjective clause. 21Consider these words by The Monkees. 22On the day we fall in love! 23You and me 24On the day we fall in love. 25You'll see! 26In the example, the noun of time is the word day. The adjective clause is we fall in love. We is the subject of the clause, and fall in love is the predicate. 27Note that there were no special words such as that or when at the beginning of the adjective clause. 28Let's consider another example. 29Imagine an American family is running late to a holiday dinner. When they arrive, they find that all of the sweets have already been eaten. They might say, 30They had eaten all of the desserts by the time we arrived! Can you believe that? 31In our example, the noun of time is the word time. 32The adjective clause is the words we arrived. 33#2 Noun of time + when 34Our second structure is noun of time + when. 35The word when, a relative adverb, begins the adjective clause. 36Consider these words from John Anderson: 37There was a time when I was alone I was alright by myself 38In the example, the noun of time is the word time. The word when begins the adjective clause. I is the subject of that clause, and was alone is the predicate. 39Closing thoughts 40There are not really strict rules about when to use special words to begin adjective clauses. Try listening to Americans speak in films or news reports, and keep note of how these speakers use adjective clauses to describe times. Then try to use those structures when you practice speaking. 41Let's finish our report with a quiz. Listen to these lines from Chris and Morgane Stapleton. 42From the moment you wake me up 43'til you kiss me goodnight 44Everything that you do 45It makes me want more of you. 46Can you tell where the noun of time is? Can you tell where the adjective clause is? Write us in the comments section of our website, learningenglish.voanews.com. 47I'm John Russell. 48*Conrad, Susan and Biber, Douglas. Real Grammar: A Corpus-Based Approach to English. Pearson Education, 2009 pg. 124 _____________________________________________________________ 49Words in This Story 50predicate - n. grammar: the part of a sentence that expresses what is said about the subject 51dessert -- n. sweet food eaten after the main part of a meal 52adverb - n. a word that describes a verb, an adjective, another adverb, or a sentence and that is often used to show time, manner, place, or degree practice - v. to do something again and again in order to become better at it